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Pyrimethamine- Sulfadoxine

Latest prescription information about Pyrimethamine- Sulfadoxine. Learn how to pronounce the drug’s name, its indications, dosage, how to take, when to take, when not to take, side effects, special precautions, its storage instructions and warnings if any when taken during pregnancy. Also listed are the International and Indian trade name(s) of the drug and its price list.
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Generic Name : Pyrimethamine- Sulfadoxine
Pronunciation : peer-i-METH-a-meen - sul-fa-DOX-een
Therapeutic Classification : Anti- Malarials
ICD Code : Y41.2
Trade Name(s): 
India- Amalar Forte Tab, Amalar Susp, Amalar Tab, Croydoxin-Fm Tab, Domine Tab, Laridox Forte Tab, Laridox Susp, Laridox Tab, Malasulf Forte Tab, Malasulf Susp, Malasulf Tab, Malcidal Susp, Malcidal Tab, Malocide Tab, Metasulfin Tab, Onli-2 Tab, Pyralfin Susp, Pyralfin Tab, Reziz Film-Coated Tab, Reziz Forte Fctab, Reziz Susp, Rezkid Tab, Rimodar Forte Tab, Rimodar Tab.
International- Fansidar.
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : 
This medication is an antimalarial agent, prescribed for treatment of falciparum malaria, resistant to chloroquine. It blocks the formation of folinic acid within the malaria organism, which kills the parasite.  
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications): 
Contraindicated in patients with severe kidney or liver failure, blood disorder, hypersensitivity to components, megaloblastic anemia due to folic acid deficiency, pregnancy at term and during lactation, infants ≤ 2 month old.

Pregnancy Category :

A B C D X
Category C : Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.

Dosage & When it is to be taken : 
PO- The recommended single dose is 3 tabs (sulfadoxine/ pyrimethamine 500 mg /25 mg), take next dose after 7 days, if needed.
How it should be taken : 
It comes as a tablet to take by mouth, after food.
Warnings and Precautions : 
*Caution should be exercised in patients with history of liver or kidney failure, folic acid deficiency, severe allergy or bronchial asthma, G6PD deficiency, pregnancy.
*Take with plenty of water to prevent crystal or stone formation in the urinary tract.
*Avoid excessive exposure to sun.
* Regular laboratory testing of blood counts, urine and liver functions should be carried out.
*Take with food to minimize GI effects (e.g. anorexia and vomiting).
Side Effects : 
Blood- Decrease in white blood cells, bone marrow depression, decrease in platelets, anemia, bruising, poor blood clot, methemoglobinemia, and increase in eosinophils.
Allergic Reactions- Rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, trouble breathing.
Skin- Severe allergic reactions, hair loss.
Eye- Photosensitivity, swelling in the eye.
Gastrointestinal - Inflammation of tongue, mouth infection, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pains, diarrhea, inflammation of liver or pancreas, feeling of fullness, and transient rise of liver enzymes.
Central Nervous System - Depression, headache, hallucinations, fatigue, nervousness, fainting. Sleeplessness, inflammation of nerves, involuntary movements, emotion, muscle weakness.
Respiratory- Pulmonary infiltrates resembling eosinophilic or lung inflammation.
Genitourinary- Kidney failure, interstitial nephritis, decreased urination, and crystals in urine.
Miscellaneous - Drug fever, chills, and LE phenomenon have occurred.
Other Precautions : 
*Take full course of treatment.
*If there is no improvement in your health condition or if they become worse consult with your doctor.
Storage Conditions : 
Store it at room temperature, (20 and 25 degrees C). Store it in an airtight container, and keep away from children and pets.

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Reference  

  • Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  • PubMed
  • CIMS
  • Indian Pharma Reference Guide 2012
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